Avoiding the Thundering Herd

When a server goes down, there is a possible anti-pattern called the Thundering Herd where all of the clients try to reconnect immediately, thus creating a denial of service attack. In order to prevent this, most NATS client libraries randomize the servers they attempt to connect to. This setting has no effect if only a single server is used, but in the case of a cluster, randomization, or shuffling, will ensure that no one server bears the brunt of the client reconnect attempts.

However, if you want to disable the randomization process for connect and reconnect, so that servers are always checked in the same order, you can do that in most libraries with a connection option:

Go

servers := []string{"nats://127.0.0.1:1222",
    "nats://127.0.0.1:1223",
    "nats://127.0.0.1:1224",
}

nc, err := nats.Connect(strings.Join(servers, ","), nats.DontRandomize())
if err != nil {
    log.Fatal(err)
}
defer nc.Close()

// Do something with the connection

Java

Options options = new Options.Builder()
    .server("nats://127.0.0.1:1222,nats://127.0.0.1:1223,nats://127.0.0.1:1224")
    .noRandomize() // Disable randomizing servers in the bootstrap and later discovered 
    .build();
Connection nc = Nats.connect(options);

// Do something with the connection

nc.close();

JavaScript

const nc = await connect({
    noRandomize: false,
    servers: ["127.0.0.1:4443", "demo.nats.io"],
});

Python

nc = NATS()
await nc.connect(
   servers=[
      "nats://demo.nats.io:1222",
      "nats://demo.nats.io:1223",
      "nats://demo.nats.io:1224"
      ],
   dont_randomize=True,
   )

# Do something with the connection

await nc.close()

C#

// dotnet add package NATS.Net
using NATS.Net;
using NATS.Client.Core;

await using var client = new NatsClient(new NatsOpts
{
    Url = "nats://127.0.0.1:1222,nats://127.0.0.1:1223,nats://127.0.0.1:1224",
    NoRandomize = true,
});

Ruby

require 'nats/client'

NATS.start(servers: ["nats://127.0.0.1:1222", "nats://127.0.0.1:1223", "nats://127.0.0.1:1224"], dont_randomize_servers: true) do |nc|
   # Do something with the connection

   # Close the connection
   nc.close
end

C

natsConnection      *conn      = NULL;
natsOptions         *opts      = NULL;
natsStatus          s          = NATS_OK;
const char          *servers[] = {"nats://127.0.0.1:1222", "nats://127.0.0.1:1223", "nats://127.0.0.1:1224"};

s = natsOptions_Create(&opts);
if (s == NATS_OK)
    s = natsOptions_SetServers(opts, servers, 3);
if (s == NATS_OK)
    s = natsOptions_SetNoRandomize(opts, true);
if (s == NATS_OK)
    s = natsConnection_Connect(&conn, opts);

(...)

// Destroy objects that were created
natsConnection_Destroy(conn);
natsOptions_Destroy(opts);